人教版初二英语八年级下册单元同步学习辅导资料

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Unit 1 Will people have robots? 词汇（1）
人民教育出版社
  


1. fall  v. come or go down from force of weight, loss of balance, etc; drop; become 落下；跌落；变成

示例

The book fell off the shelf. 这本书从架子上掉了下来。

用法

fall用作动词时，主要有两种用法。一种是作为实义动词，可以和介词或副词搭配，表示“落下；跌落”，例如：I fell back in my chair. 我跌坐到自己的椅子上。另一种是作为系动词，与形容词连用，表示进入某种状态，如：fall asleep 入睡（进入睡眠的状态）。fall的动词过去式是fallen。fall用作名词时，表示“落下；降低”，例如：I sat listening to the fall of the rain on the roof. 我坐着听雨点落在屋檐上的声音。fall还可以表示“秋天”，与autumn意思相同。

词汇扩展

常用搭配：fall asleep 入睡    fall behind 落后于（某人或某物）

                        fall down 跌落     fall in love with 喜爱；爱上

                        fall off 掉下       fall over 跌落；被绊倒

谚语：He who does not advance falls backward. 不进则退。

                 Pride goes before a fall. 骄兵必败。



2. alone adv.   Without any companions 独自地；孤独地

示例

       I don't like going out alone after dark. 我不愿意天黑后独自外出。

用法

解析along 和lonely：

（1）alone 既可用作形容词，又可用作副词，意思是“独自的（地）；单独的（地）”，侧重于说明独自一人，没有同伴或助手。alone和on one's own，by oneself意思相近。alone用作形容词时，一般与be 动词连用，在句中作表语。例如：She is alone at home. 她独自一人在家。alone 用作副词修饰动词时，放在动词后面作状语。例如：I like to work alone. 我喜欢独自一人工作。alone 用作副词时，也可作定语，意思是“只有；仅仅”，但必须置于它所修饰的名词或代词之后。例如：This year alone, we've already planted ten thousand trees. 仅是今年，我们已经载了一万颗树。

（2）lonely只用作形容词，它在句中既可作定语，也可作表语，表示“孤独的；寂寞的”。该词带有“孤寂”的感情色彩。用作定语时，意思为“孤单的；荒凉的；偏僻的”等。例如：That's a lonely island. 那是一个荒凉的岛屿。Lonely用作表语时，可以表示“孤寂的；寂寞的”。例如：I was alone but I didn't feel lonely. 我独自一人，但我并不感到孤独。

词汇拓展

常用搭配：let / leave somebody / something alone 不干涉某人或某物；听其自然

                         let alone 不管；不必考虑

谚语：An evil chance seldom comes alone. 祸不单行



3. dress  v. put clothes on yourself or someone else 穿衣

示例

Is she old enough to dress herself yet? 她会自己穿衣服了吗？

用法

dress还可以用作名词，表示“女服；连衣裙；服装”。例如：Mary wore a long red dress last evening. 玛丽昨晚穿了件红色的连衣长裙。

辨析dress，put on 和wear：

（1）用作动词时，dress既可以表动作，也可以表状态，常用人作宾语，意思是“……穿衣服”，例如：She is only a girl of three. She can't dress herself. 她只是一个三岁的女孩，她还不能自己穿衣服。需要注意的是，在表示“给自己穿衣”时，我们通常说dress oneself (= get dressed)；当dress表示状态时，一般要用be dressed in 结构，例如：She was dressed in a red coat. 她穿着一件红色的上衣。

（2）put on 意思是“穿（戴）上”，强调动作。例如：He put on his coat and went out. 他穿上大衣就出去了。

（3）wear意思是“穿（戴）着”，强调状态。例如：Lucy's mother often wears a pair of glasses. 露西的母亲常常戴着一副眼镜。

词汇扩展

常用搭配：dress (somebody) up (in something / as somebody or something) 化妆打扮

谚语：Eat to please myself, but dress to please others. 吃是使自己受用，穿是使别人受用。

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Unit 10 Where did you go on vacation? 同步阅读
人民教育出版社


A dialog between Ken and Kim



Ken: The weather is fantastic, isn't it?



Kim: Yes, it is.



Ken: You go to Edmund High, don't you?



Kim: Yes, I do.



Ken: By the way, my name's Ken. You look familiar. I think I've seen you in the hallways before.



Kim: Nice to meet you, Ken. I'm Kim. Yeah, I think I've seen you too. You're in Miss Peter's class, aren't you?



Ken: Yes, I am.



Kim: I'm in Mr. Roberts' class, next door to you.



Ken: Oh, then, you must know Nancy and Simon?



Kim: I know Nancy really well. I sit beside her in science class. And Simon sits across from me in English class.



Ken: It's Simon's birthday this weekend. He's having a party. You're going, aren't you?



Kim: Yeah. Nancy and I are making the cake!



Ken: Well, that's great. I'll see you there.



Kim: Great. It should be a good party. Oh, here's our bus.



Ken: Let's go.

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Unit 10 Where did you go on vacation? 同步写作（2）
人民教育出版社



Sentence 1

Scott: So what movie are you seeing?

Amy: I’m seeing Monster's Inc. Have you seen it?

Scott: No, I haven't. I hear it's only OK.

Amy: So what movie are you seeing?

Scott: I'm seeing Into the Arms of Strangers.

Amy: Oh, that's had great reviews, hasn't it?

Scott: Yes, It's supposed to be a really good movie.

Amy: Mm, maybe I'll see that movie instead. Thanks.

Scotts: No problem. Enjoy your movie.



Sentence 2

Bill: It should be a good game.

Bob: Yeah. It's always an exciting game when Manchester United play Liverpool.

Bill: They drew last year, didn't they?

Bob: Yes. But this year, Liverpool have been playing really well.

Bill: I agree. So do you think Liverpool are going to win today?

Bob: That's a tough guess. I really don't know.

Bill: Oh it's about to start. Enjoy the game.

Bob: You too.



Sentence 3

Betty: Pardon me, I was reading about that movie star yesterday. What does the paper say about him today?

Mary: Oh, he's getting married to that famous athlete.

Betty: Her name's Ann Robertson, isn't it?

Mary: Yes, it is. They've been to together for a long time, haven't they?

Betty: Yeah, I think three years.

Mary: Well, they make a nice couple. I hope they have a good marriage.

Betty: Me too. Well, I've got to go. Nice talking to you.

Mary: You too. Bye.

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Unit 10 Where did you go on vacation? 同步写作（1）
人民教育出版社



内容提示：假设你是Liu Ming，想打电话邀请你的外籍老师Mr White参加你们的英语晚会。

时间：星期六晚七点半

地点：学校会议室

内容：唱英语歌曲，用英语讲故事，晚会后跳集体舞

（插图，英语晚会）



Mr White: Hello!

Liu Ming: Hello! Is that                ?

Mr White: Yes,                ?

Liu Ming: This is Liu Ming. We are going to have                . Would you                ?

Mr White: I would love to. But can you tell me                ?

Liu Ming: We're going to have it at half past seven in our school meeting room.

Mr White:                ?

Liu Ming: Sure. The students in our class will                . After that,                .

Mr White: Great!                .

Liu Ming: Me, too. Goodbye!

Mr White: Goodbye!



Sample:

Mr White: Hello!

Liu Ming: Hello! Is that Mr White speaking?

Mr White: Yes, who is that?

Liu Ming: This is Liu Ming. We are going to have an English Evening. Would you like to join us?

Mr White: I would love to. But can you tell me the time and place of the party?

Liu Ming: We're going to have it at half past seven in our school meeting room.

Mr White: Do I need to perform at the party?

Liu Ming: Sure. The students in our class will sing English songs, perform English plays and tell stories in English. After that, we will have a dance.

Mr White: Great! I will be pleased to come.

Liu Ming: Me, too. Goodbye!

Mr White: Goodbye!

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Unit 10 Where did you go on vacation? 文化背景知识介绍（2）
——闲聊（Small Talk）
人民教育出版社



西方人在交谈中讲究眼神的交流（eye contact），交谈的双方要注视对方的双眼。西方人士认为：说话的一方“两眼直视”表示自己的诚意和坦白的胸怀；听话的一方“两眼直视”表示了自己对话题的兴趣和对对方的尊重。西方人在见面时，配合着眼神的交流、自信的微笑、有力的握手（礼节性的碰碰手，英语中称为“死鱼”“shaking a dead fish”）和正面思考型（positive thinking）的谈话，会使人产生和你继续交往的意愿。相反，如果是躲闪的目光、木然的表情和消极的谈话内容，无论你的语法、发音和句子多么纯正，也让别人“敬而远之”。



在和西方人闲聊的时候，还要注意选择安全的问题，尽量避免敏感的、涉及个人隐私的内容（如政治、宗教、信仰、收入、年龄等），以免引起不必要的误会或令谈话对象尴尬。年龄在北美是个非常忌讳（taboo）的问题，即使是朋友之间。很多人特别怕过40岁生日，似乎过了40岁，就到了将要被社会抛弃的年龄。西方人有句幽默，称“永葆青春的唯一秘诀就是：谎报年龄！”



那么，哪些话题才是安全的话题（safe topic）呢？在和交往不深或完全陌生的人交谈时，我们可以谈谈诸如饮食、天气、节日、交通、音乐、电影、体育、爱好以及正在进行的共同活动等。记住了吗？相信你能交到越来越多的朋友！

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Unit 10 Where did you go on vacation? 文化背景知识介绍（1）



Introduction to "Small talk"



What is small talk? Small talk is relaxed conversation that people make to pass the time, talking that fills in empty silences. You can make small talk when waiting in a line at the grocery store, or while waiting for the bus or elevator. Though the topics in small talk are not important, small talk itself is very important. It makes other people fell relaxed, it breaks the silence, it shows friendliness and good manners, and it passes time pleasantly.



In small talk, it is important to remember to smile and keep the conversation relaxed. It's also good to show a sense of humor. You could talk about the weather, an interesting story in the news or on television, a sports event, play or movie, or you could ask parents about their new baby.



What should you not talk about? Well, you should always avoid talking about politics and religion. Also, you should not talk too long on a subject or ask questions that are too personal. Give the other person a chance to speak and listen to what they have to say. Lastly if a disagreement arises, change the subject.

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Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement park? 文化背景知识介绍
广东省教育厅教研室
   

An amusement park in a western country usually contains exciting rides such as the roller coaster (which many students will already be familiar with). Going to an amusement park is a reasonably common day trip event for a western family. These days, theme parks may be more common than amusement parks. These are basically the same thing, except that they have a theme. For example, Disneyland is a theme park, because the theme of the park is Disney and Disney characters. The "theme" of a theme park can really be about almost anything. Some examples of themes are movies (e. g. Universal Studios Theme Park in Hollywood), famous cartoon characters (Park Asterix in France), or popular toys (Legoland in Denmark), etc.