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发表于 2022-2-15 00:46:00
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| 六、动词:动词的四种时态: 
 
 
 (1)一般现在时:
 
 
 
 一般现在时的构成
 
 
 
 1. be动词:主语+be(am, is, are)+其它。如:I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。
 
 
 
 2. 行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:We study English. 我们学习英语。
 
 
 
 当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
 
 
 
 动词+s的变化规则
 
 
 
 1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks
 
 
 
 2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
 
 
 
 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies
 
 
 
 (2)一般过去时:
 
 
 
 动词过去式详解 动词的过去式的构成规则有:
 
 
 
 A、规则动词
 
 
 
 ① 一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited
 
 ② 以e结尾的动词直接加d:如 lived , danced , used
 
 ③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如 study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)
 
 ④ 双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如 stopped
 
 
 
 B、不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:
 
 
 
 sing – sang , eat – ate ,
 
 see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly – flew , am/is – was ,
 
 are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt
 
 
 
 (3)一般将来时:
 
 
 
 基本结构:
 
 ①be going to + do;
 
 ②will+ do. be going to = will
 
 I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.
 
 
 
 (4)现在进行时: am,is,are+动词现在分词
 
 
 
 动词现在分词详解 动词的ing形式的构成规则:
 
 ① 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating
 
 ② 以e 结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing
 
 ③ 双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting
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